Nrov ntxhia chiv

Feem ntau yog cov gardeners, thov chiv rau hauv av, xav tau, ua ntej ntawm txhua yam, kom tau txais kev nce ntxiv hauv qhov tawm ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb qoob loo. Ntawm chav kawm, ntxiv rau qhov no, lawv kuj tau txais kev tiv thaiv kev cog qoob loo thiab txawm tias txhim kho av qauv, uas yog, tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo ntxiv. Tab sis xws li cov txheej txheem ua tau tsuas yog yog tias cov chiv ua kom raug qhov tseeb, lawv cov tshuaj tau raug muab xam kom raug, lub sijhawm thiab cov hauv kev siv cov chiv rau hauv av tau xaiv raug. Hauv cov ntaub ntawv no peb yuav tham txog cov khoom siv nrov tshaj plaws chiv siv hauv cov phiaj hauv tsev, lawv cov nta thiab cov qauv ntawm kev thov.

Kev siv cov ntxhia chiv.

Tus nqi nqus dej yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav

Tsis txhob xav tias ntau cov chiv ua haujlwm ntxiv rau hauv av ntawm koj lub vaj, cov nroj tsuag yuav zoo dua, piv txwv li, kev noj tshuaj sodium nitrate ntau dhau los yog cov tsis muaj mob, zoo li txiv qaub, tuaj yeem ua rau cov calcium ntau ntxiv hauv cov av thiab ua rau tsis muaj zog ntawm cov magnesium. Cov. Nrog rau qhov tsis muaj magnesium thiab ib qho calcium ntau hauv cov av, zaub tuaj yeem pib poob nplooj zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem hloov xim, tshem tawm, tsaus me ntsis feem ntau tau tsim hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nws lub plawv hniav, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg tuag.

Ntawm chav kawm, qhov tsis muaj cov khoom noj khoom haus hauv cov av kuj cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov nroj tsuag, cov nroj tsuag tshaib plab, lawv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog, lawv poob lawv lub caij ntuj qhuav tsis kam, lub caij ntuj no ua haujlwm nyuaj, lawv feem ntau muaj mob thiab cuam tshuam los ntawm kab tsuag.

Feem ntau nyob rau ntawm lub ntim ntawm ib qho mineral chiv nws lub npe, cov qauv ntawm cov chiv, nrog rau uas (uas) tshuaj yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab cov tshuaj twg siv ua cov tshuaj ntxiv, yuav tsum tau qhia. Muaj phau ntawv qhia ntawm kev ntim khoom raws li tus nqi ntawm daim ntawv thov tuaj yeem raug suav.

Ntxiv nrog rau qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, ib qho kev ntxhia chiv ua kom sib txawv los ntawm nws qhov muaj peev xwm ua kom yaj taus hauv dej los yog kom ya raws. Paub tias qhov siab dua cov kab mob hygroscopicity coefficient, uas yog, cov nquag siv tshuaj nqus nqus noo thaum lub sijhawm khaws cia, cov granules (feem ntau cov ntxhia chiv tsuas yog granules) yuav txhaws nrawm dua, tab sis qhov no tsis txhais tau tias lawv yuav poob lawv lub zog.

Nws puas tuaj yeem tswj tau tsuas yog siv cov organic?

Feem ntau, los ntawm cov neeg cog qoob loo koj tuaj yeem hnov ​​tias rau tag nrho muaj txiaj ntsig thiab txi txiv ntawm cov zaub qoob loo, nws txaus siv "organic" nkaus xwb, tab sis cov ntxhia chiv muaj kev tso cai tsis yog siv rau txhua lub sijhawm, lossis siv tsawg.

Ntawm cov organic chiv hauv vaj, nyuj chiv (zuaj, tham lus, rotted chiv), nqaij qaib tawm (yaj 15, thiab zoo dua 20 npaug), ntxiv rau cov sib tham tau txais los ntawm fermentation ntsuab chiv (nroj, nettles, thiab lwm yam) feem ntau yog siv. ) Txawm li cas los xij, yuav tsuas yog cov organics no yuav txaus rau cov qoob loo zaub? Dab tsi ntawm cov chiv? Tsis muaj ib qho tsis ntseeg, cov organic chiv ntawm ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke, muaj, ntxiv rau peb qhov tseem ceeb, yuav luag txhua lub ntsiab ntawm lub rooj ib ntu, txawm li cas los xij, cov tshuaj ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv cov organic feem ntau me me. Ntawd yog, nws tsuas yog xaiv teeb meem ntawm kev xaiv qhov ntau tshaj ntawm cov organic, uas yog ntau dua los yog tsawg dua tsis tuaj yeem ua.

Nyeem peb cov khoom siv: Organic chiv: hom, thov, teeb meem.

Cov ntxhia ua chiv muaj li cas?

Raws li rau cov ntxhia chiv, nws yooj yim dua los xam cov koob tshuaj ntawm kev thov, ntxiv rau, cov chiv no tau muaj kev cai nruj ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov kev tsom xam tsawg, feem ntau cov muaj pes tsawg leeg yog theem pib thiab muaj ib qho los yog ib cov lej ntawm cov tshuaj yooj yim thiab qee qhov nyiaj tsis huv.

Lawv tau sib txawv rau cov chiv hauv av ntawm ib hom yooj yim thiab cov nyom. Cov chiv ntawm cov thawj hom tsis xav tau ntawm ib qho kev kawm, tseem muaj ntxiv (hauv qhov ntau me me) uas tau ua haujlwm pabcuam. Cov chiv tsiaj ntawm hom ob feem ntau muaj khub lossis ntau dua ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom tseem ceeb thiab ob peb ntxiv ntxiv.

Cov ntxhia hauv cov chiv muaj raws li cov khoom paub: nitrogen, phosphorus thiab potassium, ntxiv rau, cov khoom siv no qee zaum ua ke, tom qab ntawd cov chiv siv hu ua complex. Lawm, tus lej ntawm lub ntsiab tuaj yeem sib txawv heev.

Nitrogen Tshuaj Pleev

Cov zaub mov chiv, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm uas yog nitrogen, tuaj yeem yog hauv nitrate daim ntawv, piv txwv, calcium nitrate, ammonia daim ntawv yog ammonium sulfate, hauv ammonium nitrate daim ntawv ammonium nitrate, thiab tseem nyob hauv daim ntawv amide zoo li urea paub rau txhua tus.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv, tshwj tsis yog muaj lub ntsiab ntawm lub ntsiab - lwm cov ntawv yog pom qhov txawv los ntawm cov av txheej. Cov av lees txais ammonium thiab ammonia daim ntawv ua haujlwm nquag, chiv ntawm nitrate daim ntawv kuj tseem nqus, tab sis tuaj yeem muab ntxuav tawm ntawm cov av sai sai, uas tsis cuam tshuam zoo rau cov nroj tsuag.

Txhawm rau xaiv hom faus zoo tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum paub hom av hauv koj lub vaj. Piv txwv li, sod-podzolic cov av, uas feem ntau acidic, "nyiam" nitrate cov ntawv uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv alkaline, tab sis nyob rau thaj av uas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog pib alkaline lossis nruab nrab, nws raug nquahu kom siv amide lossis ammonium, uas tuaj yeem me ntsis acidify rau lawv.

Nyeem peb cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws khoom: Nitrogen chiv.

Qhov feem ntau siv tshuaj tua kab mob nitrogen chiv:

Ammonium nitrate

Hauv thawj qhov chaw, ntawm chav kawm, ammonium nitrate, muaj los ntawm 26% (qib qis) mus rau 34.4% (qib siab) ntawm nitrogen hauv ammonia thiab nitrate daim ntawv. Feem ntau ammonium nitrate muaj daim ntawv ua hmoov; nws tau qhia nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav feem ntau nyob hauv kev khawb cov av mus rau lub khauj ntoo puv puv.

Qhov kev ntxhia pob zeb hauv av no tau zoo haum rau ob qho tib si rau xau thiab rau xoob, tab sis nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thib ob nws tuaj yeem tsuas yog tawg yooj yim rau ntawm qhov chaw. Cov chiv no kuj tseem siv thaum pib ntawm kev cog qoob loo ntawm cov zaub qoob loo los txhawb lawv txoj kev loj hlob..

Tsis yog txhua tus paub tias ua ntej muab nws tso saum txaj, nws yuav tsum tov nrog dolomite hmoov lossis txiv qaub, feem ntau 1: 2, rau 250 g ntawm ammonia silitra, 0.5 kg ntawm txiv qaub lossis hmoov yog xav tau. Beetroot thiab qos yaj ywm teb zoo rau cov chiv no, tab sis nws kuj tseem siv tau rau lwm cov zaub. Raws li rau kev sib xyaw, nws yog qhov zoo kawg nkaus rau tov nrog poov tshuaj sulfate, phosphoric hmoov nplej, urea thiab potassium nitrate.

Urea

Urea, lossis urea, yog siv hauv vaj yam tsawg kawg, nws muaj txog 46% nitrogen, nws yog nyob hauv daim ntawv ammonia. Koj tuaj yeem siv no cov chiv ua haujlwm rau txhua hom av, thiab nws yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv yaj uas cov chiv no siv tau zoo tshaj plaws, vim tias thaum thov kom qhuav (muaju), qhov muaj feem ntawm nitrogen tau raug ntxuav tawm hauv kev tseeg. Nco ntsoov tias urea tuaj yeem pleev cov av hauv vaj.yog li ntawd, 50 g ntawm urea yuav tsum siv 40 g ntawm txiv qaub. Ntau tshaj 15 g ntawm urea yuav tsum tsis txhob ntxiv rau ib lub 'meter' ntawm lub txaj, txwv tsis pub cov qoob loo zaub yuav siv feem ntau ntawm cov as-ham rau kev tsim ntawm lub cev ua kom tsis zoo rau lub cev tsis zoo.

Tshaj tau ua ke daim ntawv thov ntawm urea thiab calcium nitrate, nyuj chiv thiab poov tshuaj sulfate.

Nyeem peb cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws: Hais txog urea hauv kev nthuav dav. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev thov rau ntau haiv neeg.

Ntsev chiv chiv

Muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv rau phosphoric ntxhia, piv txwv li, dej-soluble, uas yog, sai sai los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, piv txwv li, yooj yim lossis ob npaug superphosphate; insoluble hauv dej, tab sis soluble hauv qaug zog cov acids zoo li citric acid - piv txwv li, pob txha noj thiab soluble tsuas yog hauv cov acids muaj zog - piv txwv li phosphorite hmoov.

Nyeem peb cov ntaub ntawv: Hais txog phosphorus chiv hauv kev nthuav dav.

Qhov feem ntau siv cov tshuaj phosphate chiv

Superphosphate

Superphosphate feem ntau siv, nws muaj li 14 - 20% ntawm phosphorus oxide nqus tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, thiab tseem muaj cov kab ntawm leej faj thiab gypsum. Qhov zoo ntawm superphosphate suav nrog qhov tseeb tias nws tsis hlob txhua thiab yaj yooj yim heev.

Qhov no cov ntxhia chiv yog suav hais tias yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws rau zaub, nws cov lus teb teb tau zoo: txiv lws suav, dib, qos yaj ywm, txaij, dos, carrots, zaub qhwv dawb thiab ntau yam zaub ntsuab ntsuab.

Nws yog ib qho ua tau los txhawb cov av nrog cov pob zeb hauv av no ob qho tib si rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg thaum khawb lub ntiaj teb, thiab tseem ntxiv rau cov av, piv txwv li, thaum cog cov yub. Rau cov yub ntawm cov zaub cog qoob loo ib square metre, tsis pub ntau tshaj 28 g ntawm superphosphate xav tau, thiab thaum lub caij cog qoob loo rau txhua lub hav txwv yeem lossis rau ib square metre (cov qoob loo ntsuab) nws tsuas yog 3.5-4 g. Nco ntsoov tias dhau sijhawm, daim ntawv thov ntawm superphosphate tuaj yeem ua rau thaj av pH hauv sab yog kua qaub ntau.

Nyeem peb cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws: Superphosphate - cov txiaj ntsig thiab siv.

Superphosphate ob npaug

Superphosphate yog ob npaug, nws kuj yog ntau yam, nws tuaj yeem muaj li ntawm 45 txog 48% ntawm phosphorus oxide nqus tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab cov kab ntawm gypsum. Ntawm qhov zoo ntawm fertilizer, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg: nws yaj zoo heev hauv dej thiab khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev ua tiav yam tsis muaj caking.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog siv superphosphate, nco ntsoov coj mus rau hauv tus account nce ntau ntxiv ntawm phosphoric acid nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, yog li ntawd, 20 g ib square metre yog txaus rau cov noob, thiab tsuas yog 2 g tsim nyog rau lub hav txwv yeem ntawm cov neeg loj cov zaub cog qoob loo lossis ib square metre ntawm lub vaj ntsuab.

Cov Potash chiv

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias feem ntau cov potash pob zeb hauv av chiv muaj cov tshuaj chlorine, yog li ntawd, qhov kev qhia ntawm tsuas yog cov chiv rau cov zaub cov qoob loo tsis tsim nyog.

Tseem Ceeb! Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej txog txhua cov potash chiv, vim tias ntshai tsam muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov zaub, nco ntsoov tias tsov ntxhuav feem ntawm cov qoob loo yog qhov xav tau ntawm cov chiv, tshwj xeeb hauv cov zaub xws li beetroot, carrots thiab qos yaj ywm xav tau ntau cov poov tshuaj rau kev tsim kho tag nrho.

Nyeem peb cov khoom siv: Txog potash chiv hauv kev nthuav dav.

Nquag Siv Cov Zaub Mov Nqaij Chiv

Poov tshuaj sulfate

Heev feem ntau poov tshuaj sulfate yog siv los ntawm cov neeg ua teb, hauv nws txog 50% ntawm cov tshuaj nquag; txawm hais tias thaum lub sijhawm ntev cia, nws tsis hlob txhua, tsis muaj teeb meem tshuaj lom nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov chiv ua kom zoo tag nrho, cov tswv teb yog suav tias yuav luag zoo tshaj. Los thov cov pob zeb hauv av no tau tso cai thaum pib thiab thaum xaus ntawm lub caij nyoog, nrog rau hauv nws nruab nrab. Txais cov ntawv thov sib xyaw nrog cov chiv ntau nrog rau kev zam ntawm nitrogen.

Tshauv

Qhov thib ob nquag siv dej ntxhia chiv muaj cov poov tshuaj yog tshauv. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, cov hmoov tshauv yog tiag tiag multicomplex fertilizer, nws muaj ob qho tag nrho cov poov tshuaj thiab phosphorus thiab calcium, muaj txawm tias magnesium, hlau thiab lwm yam ntsiab lus, tsis muaj tsuas yog nitrogen.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntoo tshauv yog tias tuaj yeem muaj cov poov tshuaj ntau nyob hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab tsawg heev, piv txwv li, cov hmoov tshauv los ntawm hlawv linden lossis birch muaj txog 10-12% potassium, tab sis cov hmoov av coniferous muaj ntau nyob rau hauv calcium 20-40%, thiab potassium muaj qhov tsawg heev, ntxiv rau, xws li cov ntoo tshauv tuaj yeem ua rau acidify qhov av ntawm lub vaj lub sijhawm dhau sijhawm.

Raws li rau cov tshauv tag nrho, nws qhov kev taw qhia yog admissible ob qho tib si raws li lub ntsiab ntxhia chiv thiab ntxiv rau ntxivCov. Tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm yuav yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev thov ntoo tshauv ntawm qhov nruab nrab hauv cov lus sib xyaw thiab cov av hnyav, txhua lub sijhawm thov yog caij nplooj zeeg los yog caij nplooj ntoo hlav, thiab cov hmoov tshauv kuj tuaj yeem thov rau lub sijhawm cog.

Txiv lws suav, dib, zaub qhwv dawb, qos yaj ywm, cov lus beets, dos thiab carrots teb zoo heev rau daim ntawv thov ntawm ntoo tshauv.

Nyeem peb cov khoom: Ntoo tshauv - natural fertilizer.

Multicomponent chiv

Peb yuav kov thaum lub sijhawm sib koom ua ke ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av chiv siv feem ntau los ntawm cov neeg ua teb, uas yog, nyob rau hauv cov lus sib xyaw uas muaj ob peb lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ib zaug.

Nyeem peb cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws: Pob zeb hauv av ua kom zoo nkauj.

Feem ntau siv cov tshuaj ntxhia hauv cov chiv pob zeb

Nitroammofoska

Tops cov npe ntawm nitroammophosk, hauv nws nce txog 16 - 17% ntawm nitrogen, li 24% ntawm phosphorus, me dua li poov tshuaj 16 - 28%. Nitroammophoska yog cov dej hauv dej, nws tuaj yeem siv rau cov av sib txawv, txawm hais tias yog tias cov av yog lub teeb, nws zoo dua - thaum pib ntawm lub caij nyoog thiab rov qab, ntxiv rau lub caij muaj siab.

Zoo heev rau ntawm no pob zeb hauv av chiv teb txiv lws suav, qos yaj ywm, rooj beets, cucumbers, rau ib tug tsawg raws li - lwm yam zaub cov qoob loo. Feem ntau, 16-18 g ntawm cov chiv no tau siv rau ib square meter.

Ammofoska

Ammophoska yog nyob rau qhov chaw thib ob nrog 12% nitrogen, 15% phosphorus, 15% potassium, li 14% leej faj, thiab tseem muaj cov calcium thiab magnesium. Ammophoska ntxiv cov av thaum pib ntawm lub caij nyoog, ntawm nws qhov siab thiab thaum kawg. Ammofoska yog qhov tsim nyog rau ntau hom av, nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob ntawm cov saline cov av.

Zoo heev teb rau ammophosque txiv lws suav, cucumbers, dos, carrots, me ntsis qaug zog - lwm yam zaub.

Diammofoska

Diammofoska, los ntawm qhov no trinity ntawm multicomponent pob zeb hauv av chiv siv tsawg dua, nws suav nrog, nyob ntawm cov cim uas tau teev tseg los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom (9-25-25 lossis 10-26-26), 9 lossis 10% nitrogen hauv ammonium daim ntawv, 25 lossis 26% phosphorus oxide thiab 25 lossis 26% poov tshuaj. Cov chiv no tseem tsis muaj chlorine, yog li koj tuaj yeem pub zaub rau lawv rau lub caij cog qoob loo.

Qhov kev ntxhia chiv no feem ntau yog siv los ntawm cov neeg ua teb uas ywj siab sau cov av nrog cov organic, thiab lwm yam cov chiv no nrog cov ntsiab lus tsawg kawg nitrogen ua tiav cov organic ua ke ntawm cov av, ua rau nws yuav luag zoo tagnrho. Tsuas yog ib qho uas yuav tsum tau nkag siab meej meej: thaum siv hauv dachas, qhov chaw tso dej tsis tshua muaj dej, lossis rau ntawm cov av xau ntau dhau, cov chiv no yuav tsum tau kho hauv cov av, tab sis rau ntawm cov av noo nrog ntau noo noo, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, tawg nws nyob rau saum npoo.

Peb tau piav qhia feem ntau cov khoom siv tshuaj chiv ua feem ntau. Yog tias koj muaj lus nug lossis lus pom, peb tseem tos koj cov lus.