Herbarium - timeless kev zoo nkauj

Herbaria rau ob xyoo pua thaum lub ncov ntawm qhov nrov. Peb muaj kev sib sau ntawm cov nroj tsuag qhuav tsuas yog tuaj rau hauv kev zam thiab sab hauv, tab sis nyob rau sab hnub poob nws tsis tuaj yeem xav tias yuav luag tsis muaj tsev nyob yam tsis muaj lawv. Los ntawm cov ntawv yooj yim botanical reference phau ntawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag, herbariums tau ntev dhau los ua txoj kev nyiam kev nplua nuj thiab hom rab koob. Niaj hnub no, cov nroj tsuag qhuav feem ntau pom tsis nyob hauv cov ntawv tshwj xeeb herbarium, tab sis hauv cov duab tha xim, ntawv xa ntawv, kab ntawv thiab albums. Kev nco qab khov hauv lub sijhawm qhia txog koj nyiam cog ntoo, lub sijhawm tseem ceeb thiab cov xim paj. Tsim cov ntoo qhuav yog cov kos duab tag nrho. Tab sis kev kos duab tsis muaj teeb meem txhua qhov.

Hniav herbarium ntawm heather.

Herbaria qhabnias thiab cov khoom siv zoo nkauj

Muaj ntau qhov kev sib cav txog seb puas yog qhov niaj hnub kos duab ntawm cov nroj tsuag ziab yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseeb herbariums. Qhov tseeb, cov qhabnias thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim herbarium tau hloov pauv ntau dhau sijhawm. Thiab nws yog nyob rau hauv kev siv ntawm herbaria uas niaj hnub no dag qhov zais ntawm lawv cov chaw.

Ib qho yog qhov tseeb: tag nrho cov herbariums nthuav tawm raws li sau ntawm cov nroj tsuag qhuav yog qhov tseeb. Thiab cov uas tau tsim los rau kev tshawb fawb, thiab cov uas muaj lub hom phiaj sib txawv, ua kom zoo nkauj.

Herbarium tsis yog qhov sau tau yooj yim ntawm cov nroj tsuag qhuav, npaj los ntawm kev ziab ntawm cov ntawv (plooj) thiab tsau rau cov khoom khov.

Classical herbariums yog tsim nyob rau ntawm nplooj ntawv herbarium - ntawv tuab. Tab sis hnub no nws tau pauv rau ntau yam khoom, uas ua lub hauv paus rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj nrog cov paj qhuav. Keeb kwm hauv 16 xyoo pua hauv Ltalis, herbaria rau ntau pua xyoo los ua lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag, uas tau siv los ntawm botanists. Raws li kev nyiam ntawm tus kheej thiab yog ib hom ntawm rab koob rab koob, herbaria kis tau ntau ntau tom qab.

Herbaria txawv kawg. Lawv suav nrog:

• nroj tsuag nrog txhua ntu - los ntawm qhov chaw hauv av tab sis sab sauv, suav nrog cov paj tsis yog paj, tab sis kuj yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
• tag nrho pawg ntawm cov nroj tsuag sib txawv;
• cov tib neeg ntawm cov nroj tsuag (piv txwv li, nplooj lossis paj, tej nplaim thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo).

Rau cov laj thawj tshawb txuj ci, lawv khaws tag nrho cov nroj tsuag, thaum nyob hauv "tsev" lawv khaws cov khoom ntxim nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm tsob ntoo, tsom rau nws qhov loj me thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm nplooj thiab paj.

Vim li cas ho muaj herbariums?

Herbariums yog tsim tsis yog rau lub hom phiaj tshawb fawb thiab tsis yog tsuas yog ua "nyob" cov duab rau cov nroj tsuag. Yog lawm, yog tias koj tau pom ib hom tsiaj uas tsis tshua muaj siab thiab txiav txim siab pab lub zej zog botanical, tom qab ntawd cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua tsaug tsis zoo rau cov duab, tab sis kuj ua rau daim ntawv ziab los ntawm tag nrho cov kev cai, txawm tias tsis tau tsa nplooj ntoo. Tab sis hnub no herbaria kuj:

• pab kom “khaws cia” lub cim xeeb - los khaws cia cov paj uas tau nthuav tawm thiab cim ntawm cov ntoo;
• tso cai rau koj kom khaws ib phau ntawm koj tus kheej cov ntoo hauv vaj lossis txuag tau ntau xyoo ntawm cov paj zoo nkauj thiab tsis tshua muaj,
• muab cov khoom siv dai kom zoo nkauj ua ib feem ntawm eco-tsim;
• qhia tawm cov tshiab ntawm decoupage, applique thiab kho kom zoo nkauj.

Yuav siv li cas herbarium?

• hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab tshwj xeeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv herbarium cov thawv;
• rau kev ua kom zoo nkauj duab yees duab, sau ntawv nkauj thiab phau ntawv rau sau ntawv;
• nyob rau hauv cov dai vaj huam sib luag hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke nrog lace, painting, decoupage hauv paus;
• hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj daim phiaj, cov tais thiab cov tawb (thiab lwm cov tswv yim decoupage li volumetric decorations);
• hauv phau ntawv rau cov phau ntawv;
• los tsim cov duab hluav taws xob thiab cov duab hluav taws xob hauv cov xov xwm sib xyaw, suav nrog hauv kev sib tsoo;
• hauv postcards thiab scrapbooking, thiab lwm yam.

Iav-based herbarium

Cov kev cai lij choj uas tsis pauv hloov tau ntau pua xyoo

Herbarium hnub no ho nthuav txog qhov ua tau, tab sis kev siv pauv tsis tau hloov cov hau kev ntawm kev ziab nroj tsuag. Cov kev cai sau nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsim herbaria los ntawm Karl Linnaeus yog nruj me ntsis saib kom deb li deb. Thiab txoj kev ziab, tau kho me ntsis vim cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no, qhov tseeb kuj tseem tsis hloov. Thiab rab koob, thiab lub vaj, thiab cov neeg cog paj, npaj tsim ib qho herbarium, yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov ​​qab txog qhov tseem ceeb, tsis muaj kev cai ntawm cov kos duab no:

• Rau herbaria, tshiab, tsis-cog ntoo yog siv, sau nyob rau hauv huab cua qhuav ntawm lub ncov ntawm cov nroj tsuag zoo nkauj, uas khaws tag nrho cov seem rau ib qho tiav nplooj los yog sau cov paj ntaub zoo nkauj tshaj plaws "cov ntsiab lus". Yog tias koj xav tau cov paj qhuav los ntawm ib lub pob paj, nco ntsoov saib xyuas kom huv ntawm cov dej, tshem cov nplooj qis dua, muab cov vases tshem tawm ntawm tshav ntuj. Nyob hauv lub vaj, de tsob ntoo thaum kaj ntug. Txhua feem ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Sau cov nroj tsuag nrog cov npoo, khaws cia kom txog thaum ziab hauv hnab yas thiab hauv qhov txias.
• Ua ntej ziab, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau ua kom ncaj, ua tiav qib, tshem txhua qhov khoov thiab nteg tawm kom cov paj "ntsia" mus rau sab saud, thiab cov nplooj thiab lwm yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag tau xa ob qho tib si pem hauv ntej thiab nraub qaum. Cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau teem kom ncaj ncaj, txiav cov qhov loj lossis txauv tawg paj nrog rab riam lossis txiab rau kom faib tau zoo dua (piv txwv li, paj inflorescences thiab dahlias).
• Cov nroj tsuag Herbarium tsuas tuaj yeem qhuav ntawm cov nplooj ntawv yog nias. Nruab nrab ntawm cov ntawv npog, lossis ob kab ntawv xovxwm, cov nroj tsuag tau muab tso rau ntau txheej ntawv thiab npog nrog tib “npog”. Cov ntawv qhuav yog hloov pauv tsis tu ncua.
• Lub sijhawm ziab yog xaiv tus kheej rau txhua tus nroj tsuag - nyob ntawm seb qhov tuab thiab juiciness ntawm nplooj thiab inflorescences. Cov pob kws qhuav hauv ob peb hnub xwb, succulents thiab paj loj yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 2 lub lim piam kom qhuav ntawm chav tsev kub.
• Nroj tsuag tom qab ziab ntawm daim ntawv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm kom zoo siv tweezers. Lawv yog cov heev yooj yim, nkig, tsis tas siv ntxias yuav tsum zam.
• Nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum khaws cov ntoo ntawm daim tiaj tiaj, ntom ntawm thaj chaw - rau ntawm cov nplooj ntawv lossis lawv cov analogues.
• Gluing nroj tsuag yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog ntseeg tau, tab sis tsis hloov pauv xim thiab kev ntxhib los mos ntawm kua nplaum. Yog tias cov nroj tsuag muaj khaws cia hauv cov nplooj ntawv herbarium, albums lossis "hauv chaw cia", lawv yuav tsis ci, tab sis ua tib zoo kho.
• Rau txhua tsob nroj, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau kos npe rau hom thiab genus, thiab yog tias muaj ntaub ntawv, ntau yam uas nws yog. Ntxiv rau, nws yog qhov zoo dua los sau cov ntaub ntawv tam sim ntawd txog qhov chaw ntawm kev loj hlob thiab hnub sib sau. Txoj cai no feem ntau tsis tau ua txhaum txawm tias thaum dai khoom me me (tshwj tsis yog ntawv xaib). Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ziab, cov ntawv sau ib ntus raug tso ze rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag, thiab tom qab ntawd cov ntawv dai kab cim thiab cov ntawv sau tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawm lawv.

Lub subtleties ntawm xaiv cov nroj tsuag rau herbarium

Yog tias koj tsis yos hav zoov rau cov tsiaj muaj tsawg tsawg thiab tsuas yog xav kom tswj hwm txoj kev zoo nkauj ntawm koj lub vaj, lub pob paj nthuav tawm rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb lossis npaj rau ntawm cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj, ces koj ntau dua xaiv dawb rau cov nroj tsuag. Qee hom thiab ntau hom, novelties ntawm cov sau, thiab nyuaj-rau-nrhiav vaj xav tau yog tseem ceeb rau herbariums raws li cov paj tsiaj qus tshaj plaws.

Cov ntaub ntawv rau herbarium tuaj yeem sau hauv thaj teb thiab hav zoov (ntawm chav kawm, tsuas yog los ntawm cov ntoo uas tsis muaj npe hauv Phau Ntawv Liab), hauv koj lub vaj, hauv chaw ua si. Spikelets, paj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nplooj, tshuaj ntsuab - lawv txhua tus zoo. Lub caij nplooj zeeg yog zoo tshwj xeeb nrog "cov ntaub ntawv" rau herbarium, thaum koj tuaj yeem pom qee yam tseeb hauv qab ntawm koj txhais taw.

Tsis yog txhua tsob ntoo yuav tuav lawv cov xim sib npaug. Dahlias thiab delphiniums, violets thiab rudbeckia, lavender thiab yarrow zoo li tseem muaj sia nyob txawm tias tom qab ziab. Lwm cov nroj tsuag poob lawv cov xim yuav luag poob. Herbaria ntawm nyvyaniks thiab ntau yam violets, pansies, calendula, cornflowers, Roses yog nrov heev niaj hnub no. Tab sis lwm cov nroj tsuag - ferns nrog lawv cov nplua nuj waiyi, poppies lossis orchids - tseem yuav dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sau. Xaiv rau koj xwb. Cov pob nyiaj, tej nplaim paj, nyias muaj nyias paj, tag nrho cov nroj tsuag, nplooj - lawv txhua tus zoo nkauj sib npaug thiab tuaj yeem siv rau ntau yam herbariums.

Nco tseg: yog li hais tias nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag khaws lawv cov xim zoo dua, tuaj yeem kho nrog silica gel lossis dej cawv ua ntej ziab

Herbarium Sau los ntawm South London Botanical Institute.

Daim ntawv rau ziab thiab ntsia pob zeb herbariums

Daim ntawv siv los ziab cov paj yog tsim kom nqus dej noo sai li sai tau thiab ua kom qhuav ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj wilting, browning thiab yellowing. Rau qhov ziab tiag tiag, koj tuaj yeem siv ntau daim ntawv nrog lub siab nqus:

• luam ntawv ntawv;
• ntawv xov xwm;
• daim phiaj qhwv tawv;
• ntawv sau thiab ntawv sau;
• ntim cov ntawv;
• qhov thiaj li hu ua technical whatman - ntxhib, ntom thiab yam ntxim nyiam heev ntawm whatman;
• nyias daim nyias dej ntawv.

Ntxiv nrog rau cov ntawv tiag tiag, nws tuaj yeem siv cov paj rwb nyias nyias, ntaub so tes, ntawv so tes rau lub hom phiaj no. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog tias daim ntawv yuav du, tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb pom thiab cov qauv embossed (lossis pleev xim thiab kos duab uas tuaj yeem "thim" mus rau lwm yam khoom). Yuav kom tau txais tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyias, zoo meej tiaj tiaj herbaria, ntxiv rau daim ntawv dawb kom qhuav, nteg ntaub hoob nab lossis daim ntaub hauv 2-3 txheej.

Cov kua nplaum cov nroj tsuag tsuas yog ntawm daim ntawv tuab. Niaj hnub no, qhov kev xaiv ntawm ntau hom ntawv txiav txim siab tso cai rau koj hloov tsis tsuas yog ntom, tab sis kuj zoo nkauj, xim, ntxiv cov teebmeem. Herbaria tuaj yeem tsim rau:

• dog dig tuab (tsis yog technical) whatman ntawv;
• watercolor ntawv;
• siab ceev pastel lossis kos duab kos duab;
• hniav duab los qhia:
• canvas lossis canvas ncav us txog ntawm tus ncej (lossis glued ntawm cardboard).

Ntxiv rau cov ntawv, los tso cov herbarium, koj tuaj yeem siv cov khoom siv dai kom zoo nkauj nrog lub tiaj tiaj - los ntawm cov tais diav thiab cov tais mus rau cov phau ntawv, thawv, thawv, thiab lwm yam.

Paj ntawm lub rose thiab limonium los ntawm ib pob paj nyob rau hauv ib qho khoom dai herbarium.

Txoj kev nias ntawm cov nroj tsuag rau herbarium

Cov txheej txheem ziab ntawm cov paj nias tsis tau hloov, tab sis cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no tau nthuav tawm ntau txoj kev qub thiab nrawm kom ua tiav qhov txiaj ntsig uas xav tau.

Txoj Kev 1. Paj nias

Cov qauv qub ntawm kev ziab cov ntoo rau ib qho herbarium yog siv cov xovxwm tshwj xeeb rau cov paj lossis herbarium thav ntawv. Cov yav tas tau ntev ntev ua lawv tus kheej: cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntom ntom ntom zoo uas tau rub ua ke tom qab cov ntawv txheeb nrog cov nroj tsuag nruab nrab ntawm lawv tseem yog ib qho cuab yeej ntawm lub sijhawm. Cov xov paj yooj yim tshaj plaws yog ib qho qauv tsim uas tuaj yeem pom hauv txhua lub khw muag khoom ua lag luam lossis tsim los ntawm koj tus kheej. Cov no yog ob lub tiaj, txawm tias thiab tuab cov laug cam ntawm tib qhov loj me, fastened nrog plaub screws nyob rau ntawm cov ces kaum. Txhawm rau siv cov xovxwm zoo li no, nws txaus:

1. Tso cov nroj tsuag ntawm ob daim nplooj ntawv rau ziab kom qhuav;
2. muab cov qauv ntawm nruab nrab ob txheej ntoo;
3. maj mam thiab ua tib zoo pib ua kom cov ceg ntoo kom nruj, zawm cov ntsia hlau thiab nias nroj tsuag hauv ntawv. Cov xovxwm yuav tsum raug "kaw" kom nruj npaum li sai tau;
4. hloov cov ntawv txhua 3-4 hnub, ua kom tsob ntoo qhuav.

Feem ntau, kev ua kom qhuav hauv lub paj xov yuav siv 2-4 lub lis piam.

Tho qhov rau fasteners hauv lub planks Muab cov nroj tsuag tso nruab nrab ntawm ob daim ntawv ntawv thiab nyem cov phiaj Pib rub cov laug cam kom nruj npaum li sai tau

Txoj Kev 2. Ceev ziab nrog lub hlau

Cov txheej txheem uas botanists siv rov qab rau hauv hnub ntawm Linnaeus yog sai dua hlau kom qhuav. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, ua kom dej ntws tawm ntawm lub cuab yeej thiab tua txhua txoj qauv ntawm chav. Thiab cov txheej txheem ziab nws tus kheej tsis yooj yim:

1. Ua tib zoo kis cov ntoo, flatten rau ntawm daim ntawv ci kom qhuav thiab npog nrog tib daim ntawv ntawm saum toj;
2. zuaj cov nroj tsuag nrog phau ntawv kom nws tiav niam txiv thiab cia nws nyob rau ob peb teev;
3. Preheat cov hlau kom qhov kub tsawg kawg nkaus - koj yuav tsum kom qhuav cov nroj tsuag hauv feem ntau maj mam;
4. tso daim ntawv nrog cov nroj tsuag nruab nrab ntawm cov nplooj ntawv saum npoo rau ironing;
5. muab cov hlau tso rau ntawm daim ntawv sab saum toj thiab nias nias kom ntev li 10-15 feeb, tsis tas txav cov hlau thiab, ntxiv mus, tsis muaj ironing rau saum npoo;
6. tshem cov hlau, cia cov nplaim ntawm daim ntawv kom txias, thiab tom qab ntawd rov ua cov txheej txheem;
7. kuaj cov nroj tsuag, thiab tom qab ntawd rov hais dua cov txheej txheem ntau zaus raws li qhov xav tau kom ua tiav qhov tshwm sim.

Thaum ziab nrog hlau los ntawm qhov kub nyhiab rau qhov kub siab tshaj plaws, xim ntawm nplooj thiab paj yuav hloov pauv. Ua ntej siv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb no, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov paj me me lossis nplooj, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd qhuav cov khoom tseem ceeb.

Nteg cog nruab nrab ntawm ob daim ntawv thiab nias nrog phau ntawv Ua ntej hlau, tsis txhob siv ncu qhov cub Tso cov hlau rau saum daim ntawv loj li 15 feeb.

Txoj Kev 3. Zauv ntawm cov phau ntawv

Yog tias koj tsis muaj xovxwm, tab sis muaj lub tsev qiv ntawv dav dav nyob ntawm tes, koj tuaj yeem siv cov phau ntawv los ziab cov nplooj ntoo qhuav. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lawv cov kev coj ua yog tib yam:

1. cov nroj tsuag xav tau muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm cov ntawv txheej kom qhuav, maj mam kis;
2. muab cov ntawv tso nrog cov ntoo cog hauv nruab nrab ntawm phau ntawv, qhov loj me uas sib haum rau qhov loj ntawm cov ntawv;
3. nteg phau ntawv rau ntawm qhov chaw tiaj, nias rau saum nrog ob peb ntau nias ntxiv;
4. hloov cov ntawv qhuav txhua hnub lossis qis dua me ntsis.

Txoj kev ziab hauv phau ntawv kuj muaj nws lub qhov tsis zoo: tsob nroj yuav qhuav tsis tuaj yeem, thiab noo noo yuav ua mob rau kev tshaj tawm nws tus kheej. Thiab cov folios yuav tsum loj heev.

Tso cov nroj tsuag nruab nrab ntawm ob daim nplooj ntawv thiab muab tso rau hauv ib phau ntawv Los ntawm saum toj no, hauv phau ntawv, tsim ib qho kev thauj khoom ntxiv Ua tib zoo tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag qhuav.

Txoj kev 4. Microwave kom qhuav

Lub peev xwm ntawm lub microwave kom nqus dej noo los ntawm cov khoom noj thiab ua raws li qib molecular yuav suav tias yog kev ua zaub mov tsis raug, tab sis cov yam ntxwv no yog qhov pom tiag tiag rau kev ziab paj. Yeej muaj tseeb, kev qhuav nroj tsuag hauv lub microwave tsuas yog ib qib ntawm kev cia. Txhawm rau kom tiav kev ziab ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsim nyog ntxiv ziab nws nrog cov qauv txias. Txhawm rau ziab rau hauv lub microwave, koj tuaj yeem siv cov xovxwm tshwj xeeb, 2 ruaj khov ceramic vuas lossis cov ntawv:

1. muab cov nroj tsuag tso nruab nrab ntawm ob daim ntawv ziab kom qhuav;
2. yog tias koj siv phau ntawv, tsuas yog muab ntawv nrog tsob ntoo hauv nruab nrab;
3. yog tias koj siv cov nplais pobzeb lossis cov ntawv xovxwm, nteg rau saum toj thiab hauv qab ntawm daim ntawv ib daim ntawv tuab ntawm cov duab los qhia, thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov qauv nruab nrab ntawm cov vuas;
4. khi lub halves ntawm cov xovxwm ua ke, nrawm nrog phau ntawv nrog xov lossis ywj;
5. teeb hom microwave tsawg nrog lub zog qis;
6. tso cov xov nrog cov nroj tsuag sab hauv lub microwave thiab tig rau lub cuab yeej rau 30-60 vib nas this;
7. cia cov qauv ua kom txias dua, thiab tom qab ntawd tig lub microwave dua tsis pub tshaj 1 feeb;
8. ua cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv kom txog thaum cov paj qhuav;
9. nqa tawm cov qauv, tshem cov phau ntawv (lossis nias thiab duab los qhia) thiab xa paj hauv ntawv kom qhuav los yog hauv xov paj, lossis hauv phau ntawv rau 2 hnub.

Microwave Kom Qhuav ntawm Herbarium Nroj Tsuag

Sizing thiab ntxiv dag zog rau herbarium

Cov nplooj ntawm ntau cov nroj tsuag, zoo li cov nplaim paj ntawm cov paj tom qab ziab, nws yooj yim heev thiab lub zog tsis saib xyuas me me tuaj yeem tshem tag nrho kev siv zog. Txhawm rau zam qhov no, cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom seem tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem "ntxiv dag zog": tsau hauv kev tov ntawm PVA kua nplaum thiab dej, tom qab ntawd rov ua rau huab cua. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog 1 feem dej rau 5 ntu PVA kua nplaum. Koj tuaj yeem hloov qhov tom kawg nrog kua roj vanish lossis kua nplaum kua roj vanish rau decoupage.

Yog hais tias lub herbarium yog siv rau cov ntawv cim, ces nyob rau sab saum toj nws muaj peev xwm ntxiv dag zog nrog pob tshab tracing ntawv lossis ntawv ntawv, glued nrog lub decoupage ntswg uas yog impregnated nrog kua nplaum thiab kua roj vanish thiab dhau los ua pob tshab, tab sis tsis pub tsob ntoo tawg ntawm lub hauv paus. Ntau hom varnishes zoo nkauj, uas zoo tshaj plaws thov tsis yog txhuam, tab sis nrog tshuaj tsuag, kuj tseem yuav pab ntxiv dag zog rau cov nroj tsuag tom qab tsim cov tshuaj pleev ib ce.

Kev kho cov ntoo ntawm cov nplooj ntawv ncaj qha yog nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm herbarium. Yog tias koj tab tom tsim cov nplooj sib xyaw tiag tiag nrog ib tsob nroj rau nws (lossis sau koj li album, tso khoom kom nyob rau hauv cov khoom lag luam), koj tsis tas yuav siv cov kua nplaum cog: nws tau xaws nrog cov hlua khi luv kom ntxiv dag zog los yog maj mam nrog nyias cov ntawv lossis cov ntawv ci.

Tab sis thaum siv rau kev ua vaj huam sib luag, kho kom zoo nkauj, decoupage, scrapbooking thiab tha xim, cov nroj tsuag tau lo rau lub hauv paus (ob qho tib si nrog PVA kua nplaum, cov pos hniav arabic, cov kua nplaum ntoo, thiab cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb rau cov decoupage lossis ncig décor).

Cov Tshuaj Herphium (Cicuta maculata)

Cov lus qhia yooj yooj yim rau cov chaw cog hauv lub herbarium

Tsis hais seb koj puas tsim hom herbarium nrog cov nroj tsuag lossis cov cuab yeej ua kom zoo nkauj, tsis txhob hnov ​​qab tias lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho cov nroj tsuag ntawm lub hauv paus yog cov kav ntev ntawm cov qauv, yooj yim siv thiab ua kom cov hnoos qeev tsis khov. Ua li no, sim:

• muab cov ntoo tsis nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov nplooj ntawv, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib txoj hauv kev uas cov tuab, feem ntau loj yog nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag lossis raug hloov mus rau ob sab rau cov khoom uas coj (yog tias koj tab tom khaws cov album lossis phau ntawv, lwm txoj kev npaj ntawm cov tuab tuab kom tag nrho pawg tau tiaj tus);
• hauv cov cuab yeej ua kom zoo nkauj, saib kom zoo rau lub kaum sab xis nyob rau hauv uas cov ntoo qhuav yuav saib tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj kuab thiab kov;
• tshawb los ntawm thav duab lossis keeb kwm yav dhau los, tso cov nroj tsuag hauv qhov nruab nrab nruab nrab ntawm qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg.
• tso cov khoom sib txuam loj ntxiv rau cov ntoo hauv av, thiab cov ntawv cim, cov ntawv sau thiab cov khoom me me tsim los qhia qhov kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov khoom ntuj - tom qab kho cov nroj tsuag.

Herbarium cia thiab saib xyuas

Cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov nroj tsuag qhuav uas koj tseem tsis tau siv rau cov nplooj ntawv shebarium thiab tsis tau siv hauv cov khoom dai kom zoo yuav tsum muab cia rau hauv cov nplaub tshev lossis nruab nrab ntawm cov nplooj ntawv tuab, hauv cov ntawv sib dhos ntawm cov ntawv dawb, hloov lawv nrog daim ntawv tracing.

Qhov mob tseem ceeb rau kev khaws cia ntawm kev sau ntawm cov nroj tsuag qhuav yog kom muaj huab cua zoo tshaj plaws. Dampness txawm rau herbariums uas tau siv hauv qhov kho kom zoo nkauj thiab kho kom zoo nkauj tsis raug tso cai.