Wrinkled sawv - txawv tshaj plaw kev zoo nkauj

Cov ib txwm nyob hauv thaj av ntawm cov tsiaj qus-nrhiav hom Wrinkled Rosa, lossis Rugosa sawv (Rosa rugosa), los ntawm cov pab pawg ntau hom neeg keeb kwm, yog Northern Suav Tuam Tshoj thiab Nyij Pooj. Ob daim ntawv ntawm cov paj dawb tau paub: thawj daim ntawv nrog paj dawb, daim thib ob nrog tsaus liab lossis liab.

Wrinkled sawv (Rosa rugosa)

Ntawm ntau lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj ntxhw, kev ua kom zoo nkauj hauv tsev, txawm tias yav dhau los, tau nyiam Rosa rugosa, lossis Rosa rugosa (Rosa rugosa) thiab nws cov hybrids (pawg Hybrid Rugosa, abbr. HRg).

Loj hlob nyob rau sab Hnub Tuaj, Kaus Lim Kauslim thiab North Suav. Loj hlob hauv cov pab pawg lossis hauv cov nyom ntawm cov av xuab zeb lossis xuab zeb-pebble hiav txwv, ntawm ntug hiav txwv meadows. Photophilous mesophyte, microtherm, edificator ntawm nqaum rosehip thickets. Nws muaj kev tiv thaiv hauv kev khaws cia.

Kis dav shrub txog li 2.5 m. Cov hom tseem ceeb thiab nws cov tsiaj muaj qhov loj, cov paj tsw qab ntawm ntau yam xim, los ntawm 6 txog 12 cm inch. Cov paj no yog ib leeg los yog 3-8 hauv inflorescences, yooj yim lossis ob npaug, nrog tus naj npawb ntawm cov nplaim paj ntawm 5 txog 150. Lawv tawg tag nrho lub caij ntuj sov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub Rau Hli, ntau zaus dua, yog li ntawm cov ntoo koj tuaj yeem pom buds, paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav. Flowering ob qho tib si rau tua ntawm lub xyoo tam sim no, thiab nyob rau tua ntawm xyoo dhau los. Nplooj yog khov kho cov ntaub qhwv, nrog grey-ntsuab pubescence ntawm lub underside, mus txog 22 cm ntev, los ntawm 5-9 nplooj. Hauv cov ntawv sib txuas, cov nplooj yog qee zaum ci, ci. Cov pos ntawd yog xim liab, khoov duav cia, muaj ntau. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov loj, txiv kab ntxwv-liab, fleshy, txog li 2.5 cm inch.

Wrinkled sawv paj, lossis rugosa roses. © Maja Dumat

Hom kab no pom tau yooj yim los ntawm cov tuab, awl-puab cov ntsia hlau loj thiab cov txhuam uas npog cov yub thiab nplooj hle. Nws yog neeg nyiam heev ntawm cov neeg. Tom qab tag nrho, nws lilac-liab, tsis muaj zog-ua pa, cov paj loj loj tsis-ob zaug tawg txhua lub caij ntuj sov. Thiab nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, ib lub paj nyob ib sab rau hauv hav txwv yeem nrog cov txiv kab ntxwv. Qhov tsis meej ntawm tus dev no tau sawv, nws lub caij ntuj no hardiness thiab tawm tsam tus kab mob kuj "tsis pw ntawm txoj kev".

Qhov tseeb, hauv xwm thiab kab lis kev cai, muaj xim dawb, thiab liab dawb, thiab Terry, thiab ib nrab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv Rugosa Roses. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub lig thib kaum cuaj thiab thaum ntxov thib nees nkaum ib-paus xyoo. ntau cov keeb kwm ntawm Tebchaws Europe (Michurin thiab Regel hauv tebchaws Russia) tau pib siv Rose Rugosa thiab nws hom rau kev sib xyaw nrog kev vam meej. Ntau yam ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd mus rau hnub no yog nyob hauv kev sau rose lub vaj hauv ntiaj teb. Tab sis hauv cov assortment ntawm chaw zov me nyuam muaj ob peb chav nyob xwb.

Cov kwv yees ntawm Rosa Rugosa, hauv lub npe uas lub npe Grootendorst tshwm sim, tau sawv tag nrho kev sim ntawm lub sijhawm. 100 xyoo dhau los, nws tus tswv F.Y. Grootendorst yog lub npe nrov hauv Dutch cog qoob loo. Thiab hauv peb lub sijhawm, nws txoj kev lag luam txuas ntxiv thiab nthuav los ntawm lub chaw zov me nyuam chaw zov me nyuam "Rosbergen und Grootendorst".

Ntau yam

F.Y. Grootendorst.

Thawj tus yug ntawm cov kab no tau yug los ntawm Belgian De Goy ua kev hwm ntawm nws cov npoj yaig Dutch. Tib lub xyoo 1918 tus “mastermind of the rose” F.Y. Grootendorst qhia nws hauv nws chaw zov me nyuam rau kev yug tsiaj, thiab tom qab ntawd siv nws hauv kev yug menyuam. Thawj daim ntawv rau ntau yam yog Rosa rugosa rubra, uas tau hla nrog ib tus tsis paub polyanthus sawv. Nws yog nws leej twg muab lub hybrid paj paj bouquets, uas yog 5-20 pieces txhua. tawg nyob rau lub caij uas ruaj khov. Raspberry-liab Terry, cov paj ua tsis taus pa uas tsis muaj zog me dua hauv R. rugosa: lawv txoj kab uas hla yog 3-4 cm (ntev dua 6-12 cm). Qhov tsis muaj kev vam meej ntawm lub rose no tau lees paub los ntawm ob qho xwm txheej: ib qho txawv ntawm cov duab puab uas pom zoo li lub paj thiab cov paj ntau kom txog thaum kawg ntawm lub caij cog qoob loo (zoo li hauv polyanthus). Yog li ntawd, ntau yam tau txais nws lub npe thib ob 'Nelkenrose' (German - clove sawv). Qhov siab ntawm tsob ntoo hauv peb cov xwm txheej yog 1-1.5 m (nws yooj yim kho los ntawm kev txiav); erect daim ntawv. Cov nplooj yog tsaus ntsuab, ci. Hauv nruab nrab txoj kab, tsob ntoo yog lub caij ntuj no-tawv tawv, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kev siv ntau heev nws tau khov me ntsis.

Paj Yeeb Grootendors - Paj Yeeb Grootendors.

Rosa Paj Yeeb Grootendors.

Paj yeeb ntawm ntau yam dhau los. Nov yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws roses. Shrub 1.5 m siab, pyramidal-sprawling, tawm lub teeb ntsuab, wrinkled, ci. Nyias lub teeb paj liab-tuab cov paj uas muaj qhov ntev 3-4 cm, ob npaug (30-40 petals) nrog cov npoo ntawm cov nplaim paj, hauv inflorescences ntawm 5-15 pcs., Yog qhov zoo tshaj rau pob paj ntawm cov carnations. Lawv saib zoo nkauj heev ntawm cov ntoo ntsuab ntsuab. Lub paj tawg pleb ntau. Cog rau hauv pawg, hedges, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib bushes. Qhov ntau yog kho tau zoo nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg.

Grootendorst Suprem - Grootendorst Supreme.

Tsaus liab ua si nawv liab.

Rosa Grootendorst Supreme (Grootendorst Supreme). © toutenun

Dawb Grootendors - Dawb Grootendors.

Ntshiab dawb melkotsvetkovy Terry ntau yam nrog tib zoo.

Rosa Dawb Grootendors. © Andrea Moro

Cov menyuam tsiaj nrog lwm hom thiab ntau yam uas tau paub, ntawm lawv nyiam tshaj plaws:

“Abelzieds”- ib tsob ntoo siab txog li 2 m siab, feem ntau ntawm cov duab pyramidal. Lub paj yog daj ntseg, lub khob-puab, nrog lub cheeb ntawm 5-6 cm, semi-ob, nrog 14-18 petals, me ntsis tsw, 13-40 txhua. nyob rau peduncle. Nws blooms profusely thiab tsis tu ncua. Lub caij ntuj no-tawv tawv. Zoo rau cog rau hauv pab pawg thiab cov nyom.
“Agnes" Cov paj yog creamy daj, tsaus dua rau qhov chaw, loj (7-8 cm), ob npaug (40-60 petals), tsw qab.
“Georges Ken“. Cov paj yog maub liab, khob-puab, loj, ib nrab ob npaug, tsw qab heev.
“Conrad Ferdinand Meyer”- nrog rau ob npaug, qaim nyiaj-paj yeeb, paj tsw qab, nrog rov ua paj zoo dua.
“Kuv Hammerberg”- lub hav txwv yeem mus txog 50 cm siab, ntom, tuab. Cov nplooj yog loj, wrinkled. Cov paj yog lub teeb violet-liab, cupped, 9 cm inch, tsis muaj zog-terry (17 petals), tsw qab, 5 txhua. hauv inflorescence. Lub paj yog plentiful, remontant. Winters tsis muaj chaw nyob.
“Rosere de l'3“. Cov paj yog cherry liab, loj (8-10 cm), ob npaug (30-40 petals), tsw qab.
“Suv de Filemon Coche" Lub paj yog dawb nrog lub pinkish chaw, cupped, loj (8-9 cm), ob npaug heev (140 tej nplaim), tsw qab heev.
“Huab tais ntawm qaum teb”- nrog xim liab, ob npaug paj, qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm ob lub paj yeeb ya rau sab qaum teb ntawm nruab nrab thaj tsam ntawm thaj chaw European ntawm Russia.
“Hansa" Cov paj yog xim liab-violet, loj (8-10 cm), ob npaug (30-40 petals), tsw qab heev.

Tag nrho cov ntau yam thiab hybrids ntawm wrinkled Roses muaj zoo heev lub caij ntuj no hardiness thiab yog li ntawd lub caij ntuj no yam uas tsis muaj vaj tse.

Loj hlob

Qhov chaw nyob: cov nroj tsuag no photophilous. Qab teb qhov chaw tiaj lossis chaw tiaj, thaj chaw tiv thaiv tshav ntuj los ntawm cov kev ua kom cua hlob zoo dua.

Cov av: yuav tsum fertile, zoo-moistened av, teb rau daim ntawv thov ntawm pob zeb hauv av thiab organic chiv, mulching.

Tsaws: cog rau caij nplooj ntoo hlav ua ntej lub caij nplooj zeeg qhib lossis thaum caij nplooj zeeg (nyiam dua hauv caij nplooj ntoo hlav). Nroj tsuag tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov deb ntawm 1.5 m los ntawm txhua lwm yam raws li cov txheej txheem 3 x 1.5 m. Thaum tsim lub siab ceev nyiaj, cog ntom ntom hauv kab yog 50-100 cm, nruab nrab ntawm kab 50-70 cm; nruab nrab-siab - hauv kab thiab nruab nrab ntawm lawv - 10-60 cm. Ua ntej cog, cov organic thiab pob zeb hauv av siv: 8-10 kg ntawm humus lossis peat, 10 g ntawm superphosphate, 50 g ntawm poov tshuaj ntsev (rau 1 m²). Cog rau ntawm qhov tob ntawm 10-15 cm. Tom qab cog, muaj dej ntau thiab mulching yog qhov pom zoo. Lub qhov tso saum nruab ntug txiav tawm, tawm tsis ntau tshaj li 1/3 ntawm qhov ntev tua.

Siv: Hauv cov tib leeg thaj av, pawg me, ntawm qhov sawv. Ib qho ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv dai kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov dej. ntsws - loj Bush qhov loj me, thaum lub prickly, tuab ceg tsis xav tau kev txhawb nqa. Hniav nyiaj ua lag luam tawm los ntawm cov hav dej. wrinkled yuav tiv thaiv lub xaib los ntawm prying lub qhov muag thiab qhov pom tus qhua. Thaum kawg ntawm lub Cuaj Hli, cov nplooj ntawm qee cov ntawv ntsws rose nce tau ib cov xim zoo nkauj heev, thiab cov vais lav ua qhov zoo nkauj tiag tiag ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg vaj. Qhov kawg ntawm lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg, cov ceg tau dai kom zoo nkauj tsis yog paj xwb, tab sis kuj muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Txiv kab ntxwv liab los yog tsaus tsaus, lawv sawv tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm cov nplooj ntsuab ntsuab. Qhov loj ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob ntawm 7 txog 10 g, lub cheeb ncav 34 mm, ntev - 24 hli. Los ntawm ib qho hav zoov koj tuaj yeem sau los ntawm 2, 5 txog 3, 6 kg. Yog tias cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo raug ntxuav ntawm cov noob thiab cov plaub, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem ua cov tshuaj tsw qab, vitamin jam, jam, jam lossis compote los ntawm lawv. Paj kuj tsis yog tsuas yog tsim kom zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis kuj kho kom zoo. Pab tau, tshuaj yej uas muaj ntxhiab tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov nplaim paj qhuav, thiab so lub ntsej muag nrog infusion es tsis yog ntxuav nws.

Saib xyuas

Cov nroj tsuag tsis fertilize rau thawj ob xyoos; nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thib peb, urea ntxiv (15-20 g ib 1 m²). Tom qab pib kev ua txiv ntoo hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg, ib zaug txhua 3-4 xyoos, cov organic (10-15 kg) thiab cov chiv mob me me tau thov - 50-60 g ntawm superphosphate thiab 20 g ntawm poov tshuaj ntsev rau 1 m2. Lub hauv paus system ntawm 6-7-xyoo-laus nroj tsuag tuaj yeem ncav cuag lub qhov tob ntawm 2.5 m, vim tias lawv tiv taus lub sijhawm tiv thaiv av qeeg zoo. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv ntau dhau ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub hav txwv yeem nyob rau hauv qhov dav vim lub hauv paus loj hlob, thaj chaw uas cov ntoo loj yuav tsum ua cov laj kab kom zoo nrog cov kab txuas ntawm cov vov qub hlau lossis lwm yam khoom siv sib xws.

Txhawm rau ua kom cov ntoo zoo nkauj, tawg zoo thiab txi txiv, nws yuav tsum tsis tu ncua pruned. Qhov no yog qhov tsis txaus siab, mob siab rau, tab sis tsim nyog ua haujlwm. Ob xyoos tom qab cog, lub hav txwv yeem tsis raug txiav, ntawm qhov thib peb - txhua qhov qaug zog thiab dag ntawm cov ceg ntoo tau raug muab tshem tawm, nrog rau cov hauv paus nyob deb ntawm thaj chaw hauv hav zoov. Cov seem tua tau txiav nyob rau ntawm qhov siab ntawm 15-18 cm, tawm hauv 5 qhov zoo tsim txhua xyoo ceg. Thaum cov tua pom tshwm ntawm cov kab hlau ncav cuag ib qhov ntev ntawm 70 cm, lawv de cov plaub (ua kom luv li 1/5), uas ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov ceg rau tom ntej, txhawb kev tawm ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Hauv cov xyoo tom ntej, cov plaub hau pruning muaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshem tawm tsis tu ncua ntawm cov ceg ntoo uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig 4-6 xyoos, nrog rau kev nthuav dav thiab tawg.

Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tus naj npawb ntawm cov ceg yuav tsum yog qhov zoo. Thaum lub sijhawm puv txiv hmab txiv ntoo (pib ntawm xyoo 6 tom qab cog), nrog rau pruning li niaj zaus, yuav tsum muaj 16-20 ceg hauv hav txwv yeem thaum hnub nyoog 1 txog 4 xyoos. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, 2-3 muaj zog hloov cov tub ntxhais hluas tua tau tawm txhua xyoo, thiab puas thiab 6-xyoo-laus raug txiav tawm.