Txhua tus ua teb lossis cov txiv neej npau suav kom nrawm thiab muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov nroj tsuag cog qoob loo los ntawm nws. Txhawm rau kom txhua lub noob tuaj ua ke nyob rau hauv sijhawm thiab sijhawm, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua "kev dag" lawv me me: tsim kev mob rau cov noob uas yuav qog cov noob ib txwm.
Yuav ua li cas yog noob stratification?
Cov txheej txheem ntawm simulating ntuj lub caij ntuj no rau cov noob nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm lawv cov kev tawm thaum ntxov thiab txhim kho kev cog qoob loo yog hu ua stratification.
Stratification yuav tsum kav ntev li 3 lub lis piam. Vim li no, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau yuav cov noob ua ntej. Cov pob noob ntim qhia txog lub sijhawm sijhawm ntawm stratification.
Nyob hauv cov xwm txheej ntuj, cov noob ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog lub sijhawm ntev nyob rau hauv cov daus, qhov uas lawv muaj lub cev pw tsaug zog. Thaum ib lub noob nkag rau hauv av sov, nws "sawv" thiab txhaws ntau ntau ua ntej. Yog tsis muaj stratification, feem pua ntawm cov noob tuag. Yog tias koj tseb cov noob ua ntej lub caij ntuj no, ces qhov xwm yuav ua tau txhua qhov haujlwm thiab koj yuav tsis tau ua haujlwm koj tus kheej.
Stratification qhov kub thiab txias
Kev ntsuas kub zoo tshaj plaws rau cov noob yog 3-5 degrees. Tab sis nws tag nrho cov nyob ntawm qhov uas cog cov noob yog raug rau stratification.
Stratification lus
Qhov feem ntau nthuav tshaj plaws yog tias lub sijhawm sijhawm ntawm stratification tsis yog nyob ntawm seb qhov loj ntawm cov noob. Piv txwv li, noob txiv hmap yuav tsum txias rau 4 lub hlis, thiab walnuts - tsawg dua 3 hlis. Lub sijhawm luv tshaj plaws ntawm stratification hauv cov nroj tsuag xws li carrots, celery, zaub txhwb qaib thiab dos. Nws nyob ntawm 2 txog 3 asthiv.
Noob ntawm ntau lub paj qhia qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev tso tawm tom qab stratification: clematis, peony, violet, iris, lavender (yuav tsum nyob rau hauv qhov txias txog li 4 lub hlis). Noob ntawm primrose, Suav sawv thiab delphinium stratify tsuas yog 3 lub lis piam. Cov txiv ntoo cov pob txha muaj lub sijhawm stratification sib txawv: apricot (4-5 hlis), cherry plum (3-5 hlis), Cherry (5-6 lub hlis), txiv duaj (tsawg kawg 4 lub hlis). Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tsuas yog ib lossis ob hlis xwb txaus rau cov noob ntawm lilac thiab noog cherry.
Txoj kev ntawm stratification ntawm noob
Stratification tuaj yeem ua tiav ntau txoj hauv kev: txias, cua sov, ua ke thiab stepwise.
Txhawm rau xaiv txoj kev raug ntawm stratification, koj yuav tsum paub qee cov ntsiab lus:
- Rau cov ntoo uas muaj hnub nyoog loj hlob hauv huab cua sov, txoj kev txias yog xum;
- Thermal qauv zoo dua rau zaub;
- Rau cov noob nrog lub plhaub ntom ntom heev, nws zoo dua yog siv stratification ua ke.
- Txoj kev nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm stratification yog stepwise. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau cov nroj tsuag xws li: aconite, primrose, qee hom peonies.
Txoj kev ntawm txias stratification yog tias cov noob yog nyob rau hauv qhov kub ntawm tsis ntau tshaj 4-6 degrees. Vaum li cas yuav tsum yog 60-70 feem pua. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv txoj kev no lub noob ntawm hiav txwv buckthorn lossis honeysuckle yog stratified, cov yub yuav ua phooj ywg thiab muaj kev noj qab haus huv dua.
Cov txheej txheem thermal yog cov tshuaj soaking ntawm cov noob hauv dej sov lossis pom lawv hauv qhov chaw noo noo rau ob peb hnub.
Nrog rau txoj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm stratification, cov nroj tsuag tau tsim muaj tej yam kev mob uas lawv zoo li kev hloov ntawm lub caij. Ua ntej tshaj, cov noob nyob hauv ib chav nrog huab cua kub tsawg kawg yog 25 degrees. Yog li, lawv cov tawv tawv tawv muag. Tom qab ntawd ntev ntev lawv pw hauv qhov chaw txias nrog qhov kub ntawm 1 txog 5 degrees. Hom no tau zoo rau plums, apricots, hawthorn thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag nrog lub plhaub ntom ntom. Cov txheej txheem sib txuas yog qhov ntev thiab yuav tsum muaj qee lub zog ntawm tus kws tu vaj. Tab sis, nws tag nrho ncaj qha lub sijhawm thiab kev rau siab.
Qhov nyuaj txoj kev yog st stepification. Hauv kev sib xyaw rau txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke, nws yog qhov tsim nyog ntawm no los hloov kev tswj hwm qhov kub thiab txias: yuav tsum siab lossis qis.
Stratification yog ob qho tib si qhuav thiab ntub.
Txoj kev qhuav: cov noob tau ntxuav nrog kev daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate los tshuaj tua kab mob rau lawv. Tom qab ntawd yaug hauv dej huv. Tom qab cov txheej txheem no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom qhuav cov noob thiab muab lawv cog rau hauv hnab yas lossis ntim hauv hnab yas. Qhov kev xaiv cia thib ob yog yooj yim. Hauv lub ntim, cov noob tuaj yeem muab faus rau hauv cov daus kom tsis txhob noj chaw rau hauv tub yees. Thiab tsuas yog nrog qhov pib ntawm tshav kub xa nws mus rau hauv lub tub yees.
Kev ntub dej yuav ua tau ob txoj hauv kev: (1) siv xuab zeb, ntxhuab, sawdust, peat lossis (2) ntaub.
- Yaug lub noob nrog kev daws ntawm manganese, thiab tom qab ntawd nrog cov dej ntws, ziab thiab qhov chaw hauv ntim nrog cov khoom ntuj uas tau kho nrog biofungicide. Cov noob saum toj yog them nrog tib cov khoom siv. Yog tias cov thawv ntim khoom hauv lub tub yees, koj tuaj yeem muab ntim rau hauv hnab yas. Txij ua ke mus ua ke nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ua kom cov noob noo noo.
- Cov paj rwb lossis moss tau muab tso rau ntawm cov ntaub qhwv ntsej muag, cov noob tau tso rau saum cov khoom no. Tom qab ntawd cov strips yog twisted rau hauv qaws thiab khi. Txhua daim yob yuav tsum muab raus rau hauv dej ib pliag, kom noo noo thiaj li dhau ntawm nws. Muab cov ntawv yob thiab muab tso rau hauv ib lub hnab yas. Khaws rau hauv tub yees. Tshawb xyuas cov noob kom tsis tu ncua kom ya raws thiab pwm me.
Stratification ntawm cov noob ntawm ntau cov qoob loo
Cov qoob loo pome - kua, pear, quince: noob yog stratified hauv cov xuab zeb ntub rau 3 hlis ntawm qhov kub ntawm 3-4 degrees.
Txiv pos nphuab thiab txiv pos nphuab: tsis tas yuav siv sijhawm ntev ntev, tsuas yog muab cov noob tso rau ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, npog lawv nrog lwm daim ntswg hauv av. Tom qab ntawd yob txhua yam mus rau hauv ib lub yob thiab muab tso rau hauv ib lub hnab. Khaws cov noob rau hauv qhov chaw sov so rau 1-2 hnub.
Conifers - thuja, ntoo thuv, spruce: nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tso cov noob hauv moist peat. Muab lub thawv ntim nrog cov noob tso rau hauv tub yees thiab muab cia rau ntawd kom txog thaum tseb.
Grapes: noob txiv hmap yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav nrog kev daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate thiab tov nrog xuab zeb ntxuav. Tso cov tshuaj sib tov tag nrho rau hauv ib lub taub hau uas tsis tshua tuab txheej. Khaws lawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm 1-5 degrees rau ib hlis. Tom qab ntawd cog lub noob ntawm qhov kub ntawm 20 degrees rau 6 hnub. Sow tawg noob tsis ncua.
Walnut: muab cov txiv ntoo rau hauv cov xuab zeb ntub thiab ua kom lawv nyob ntawd tsawg kawg 3 lub hlis ntawm qhov kub ntawm 3-5 degrees. Yog tias qhov hauv kev lag luam yog nyias, tom qab ntawd txo lub sijhawm mus rau ib hlis, thiab qhov kub yuav tsum nce txog 10-15 degrees.
Cedar: ntoo thuv muaj qhov tawv khaus haum thiab vim li no lawv txhaws zoo dua tom qab stratification. Zoo li lwm yam noob, lawv yuav tsum muab tsau rau ob peb hnub hauv kev daws ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txiv ntoo khoob hauv cov txheej txheem raug txhos hauv dej yuav tshwm sim thiab tuaj yeem pov tseg. Tom qab ntawd cov txiv ntoo tau tov nrog cov xuab zeb ntub (1: 2), muab tso rau hauv hnab yas lossis ntim hauv hnab yas. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum khaws cov ntoo thuv ntoo ntawm qhov kub uas tsis muaj siab tshaj 1 degree rau 4 hli. Cov av noo yuav tsum siab txaus. Nws tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv stratification txog li 6 lub hlis.
Rose: roses tuaj yeem hais tawm tsis yog los ntawm kev txiav, tab sis kuj los ntawm noob. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum yaug cov noob nrog hydrogen peroxide. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov nplais zoo, hauv cov noob yuav tsum tau muab hliv. Moisten ntawv so tes lossis phuam nrog tib qho kev daws teeb meem thiab muab cov noob ntxuav rau lawv. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum yob txhua yam rau hauv ib lub yob thiab muab tso rau hauv lub hnab yas. Txheeb cov noob ntawm Roses thaum kub ntawm 5-7 degrees rau 2 hlis. Txij ua ke mus ua ke nws tsim nyog ua kom cov noob txhawm rau txhawm rau tiv thaiv pwm. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau moisten cov ntaub so hauv cov noob.
Lavender noob nce ntau zoo thaum stratified. Tsob nroj no muaj cov noob me me. Lawv yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo nteg tawm ntawm cov paj rwb ntub dej ntawm cov ntaub npog thiab npog nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom noo. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum muab cov noob tso rau hauv ib lub hnab. Nws yog qhov zoo dua yog nqa lub hnab yas rau cov zaub mov khov: xws li hnab muaj cov zippers uas yooj yim heev rau kaw. Qhov ntsuas kub hauv lub tub yees yuav tsum yog 5 degrees. Ntev ntawm stratification ntawm lavender txog li 2 lub hlis.
Txawm hais tias stratification zoo li kev ua haujlwm hnyav, nws tsim nyog. Lub sij hawm thiab kev rau siab siv rau stratification yuav tsis nkim.
