Muaj cov nroj uas muaj cov noob tuaj yeem cog tsis tau yog tias tsis muaj kev npaj, tab sis kuj muaj qee qhov uas yuav tsum tau npaj. Txwv tsis pub, tej zaum lawv yuav tsis cia ib qho kev tawm los sis kev tawg tuaj yuav siv sijhawm ntev heev. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, yog tias hloov pauv tau npaj rau kev tseb, kev cog qoob loo yuav zoo dua thiab cov khoom lag luam ntau dua thiab koj yuav tsis tas yuav khuv xim qhov ua tiav.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev npaj cov noob rau tseb muaj tag nrho cov haujlwm, tab sis tsis yog txhua yam ntawm lawv yog cov muaj cai. Feem ntau, cov nyhuv tsuas yog ib qho txheej txheem. Tab sis nws zoo dua yog kom muaj lub tswv yim ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm.
Ntsuas Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem suav tias yog tsim nyog rau noob. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm no yog txheeb cov noob - tshem tawm cov khoob thiab tawm tag nrho. Hauv kev tsim khoom hauv kev lag luam, tseem muaj kev faib tawm ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg, yog li qhov "calibration". Txhua yam ua tiav yooj yim heev. Qhov kev hloov pauv yuav tsum tau nchuav rau hauv cov kua ntsev li 5%. Tos ib pliag (10 feeb). Thaum lub sijhawm no, cov noob hollow yuav nyob rau saum npoo, thiab cov noob paub tab yuav tog mus rau hauv qab, vim tias lawv hnyav. Tsuas yog cov noob uas tau khaws cia rau ib lub sijhawm ntev yuav tseem nyob rau saum. Qhov no tshwm sim ntau dua nrog cov zaub cog qoob loo; tsuas yog cov noob tshiab yog siv los cog paj.
Cov lo. Nov yog ib qho ntawm txoj hauv kev los npaj cov noob rau kev cog. Ntawm no, kev kis tau tshwm sim hauv dej lossis nrog daim ntaub lossis ntaub so uas ntub dej. Yog tias cov qauv no nrog dej, tom qab ntawd cov kua dej yuav tsum hloov ib hnub ib zaug, tsawg kawg (pom zoo txhua 12 teev). Yog tias nws yog cov ntawv so tes lossis daim ntaub, ces lawv yuav tsum nco ntsoov ntub. Cov av ntub ua kom nws tuaj yeem cog cov noob uas tau hlav tawm. Qhov tseeb no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau cov noob muaj nyob hauv ib chav tsev hauv nroog. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tawm tsam yuav tsum tau saib xyuas. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau cog thaum lub qe yog ib nrab ntawm qhov dav ntawm cov noob. Yog tias koj plam lub sijhawm no, tom qab ntawd yuav muaj sijhawm los ua kom lub paj tawg thaum cog.
Hormonization Cov qauv zoo sib xws ua kom nrawm nrawm rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov noob noob vim muaj cov tshuaj hormones uas ua rau cov noob txaus. Kev sib txawv ntawm kev loj hlob siv tau nyob ntawm no. Cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo yog tau los ntawm heteroauxin, hauv paus thiab epin. Kuj tseem siv tau yog potassium permanganate, tov ntawm ci dej qab zib 1%, boric acid, nicotinic 0.5%. Cov txheej txheem pej xeem, uas muaj ntau heev, yog kua txiv aloe, cov noob tau soaked rau hauv nws. Cov txheej txheem siv tau zoo heev, tus nqi tawg ntawm 100%.
Stratification. Kev npaj ua ntej yog qhov tsim nyog kom cov noob nkag siab tias lawv yuav tsis tau txais kev nyab xeeb huab cua. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm txoj kev no yog qhov hu ua kev dag ntxias. Khoom cua lub caij ntuj no tsim rau cov noob. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov kev xaiv sib txawv rau stratification, ntawm no yog ib qho ntawm lawv:
Koj xav tau ib lub taub ntim - lub lauj kaub paj yog txoj cai. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npaj cov hmoov av ntawm cov xuab zeb (1.5 ntu), peat (1 feem), thiab nws yuav zoo rau ntxiv cov roj av sphagnum (0.5 ntu) Nrog rau cov av no, kaw qhov hauv qab ntawm cov thawv ntim rau saum cov noob, kis lawv tusyees, tom qab ntawd dua cov av thiab lwm yam. ob peb zaug. Tom qab koj xav ua tib zoo hliv txhua yam thiab qhov chaw hauv lub hnab ua los ntawm polyethylene. Ntxiv mus, lub lauj kaub mus rau qhov chaw txias, txawm tias nyob hauv tub yees. Tso cai kub thaum stratification yog 0 ... +5.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov noob cog qoob loo yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam kom zoo. Cov sib xyaw kom haum yuav tsum tau noo noo txhua lub sijhawm. Khov yooj yim yog tau tso cai, tsuas yog tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau defrost tsuas yog ib txwm, tsis muaj cuab yeej siv cua sov. Lub sijhawm ntawm xws li hom yuav txawv, nws txhua yam nyob ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nws muaj lub paj qoob loo, uas txaus rau ib hlis twg. Txhawm rau txo lub sijhawm stratification, koj tuaj yeem ua ntej tsau cov noob kom lawv o tuaj.
Koj tseem tuaj yeem ua ke cov qauv no nrog ntsuas kev ntsuas. Tseem muaj cov nroj tsuag (camellia, feijoa, tshuaj yej) noob, uas tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ua stratified kom lawv muaj lub cim zoo. Thaum nriav cov nroj tsuag tsis meej rau koj tus kheej, nws tsim nyog nug tus muag khoom txog qhov nyiam kom cov noob ntawm cov txheej txheem npaj.
Caws pliav Ib txoj hauv kev zoo sib xws yog siv thaum tsim cov noob nrog lub plhaub tawv (txiv tsawb, hnub, canna, thiab lwm yam). Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev rau cov nplej zoo li no kom kov yeej lub plhaub thaiv thiab tiv thaiv nws tus kheej. Ntawm no, kom yooj yim, scarification yog thov. Nws tuaj yeem ua nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev: mechanically lossis chemically. Rau cov pib tshiab hauv kev cog paj, nws zoo dua tsis txhob siv cov qauv tshuaj, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj kev pheej hmoo nws.
Txawm hais tias nws tsim nyog teev tias thaum siv tshuaj ua kua tshuaj, cov noob qub tuaj yeem muab tshuaj tua tau. Tab sis kuj nyob ntawm no koj tuaj yeem hla lub sijhawm thaum cov noob yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem. Yog li hom no tuaj yeem siv nrog kev pab ntau ntawm cov khoom cog.
- Tshuaj lom neeg txoj kev. Kev daws 2-3% ntawm hydrochloric thiab sulfuric acid yog coj, cov noob tau muab tso rau hauv nws thiab nyob ntawd kom txog thaum lub plhaub muag muag muag.
- Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis. Txhua yam yog ntau yooj yim dua ntawm no, tab sis koj tseem yuav tsum tau ceev faj. Koj yuav tsum nqa ib rab riam, ntaub ntawv lossis qee yam zoo li ntawd, thiab txhuam cov nplej ntawm ntau qhov chaw. Ntxig av xuab zeb lossis txawm tias daim ntawv xuab zeb los kuj siv tau.
Hnav khaub ncaws. Nov yog txoj hauv kev zoo los tiv thaiv cov noob thiab yub los ntawm ntau yam kab mob. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv cog uas yuav cog ncaj qha rau hauv av. Ntawm no, etching yog tsuas tsim nyog. Muaj cov noob uas mus muag tau cov khoom uas twb xaiv lawm. Lawv tuaj yeem sib txawv los ntawm cov xim, lawv muaj qhov tsis zoo - ntsuab, xiav, liab thiab lwm yam. Cov noob zoo li no tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua, tab sis cov seem yuav tseem muaj.
Ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim yog tuav cov noob li ib nrab ib teev hauv kev daws cov xim liab manganese. Muaj ntau cov fungicides thiab ib qho ntawm lawv tuaj yeem siv.
Lwm txoj kev siv tau coj los xyaum li cas los npaj cov noob rau tseb, thiab tsis muaj tsawg ntawm lawv. Nov yog daus npog, npog taub hau lossis khov, thiab lwm yam. Tab sis cov uas tau xav tam sim no yog kab tias qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab siv tau yooj yim, nrog rau kev siv zoo heev.
Muaj tseeb txhua tus neeg ua teb, tus ua teb thiab kws muag paj, uas tsis muaj kev paub dhau los ntawm nws, nws muaj nws txoj hauv kev npaj cov noob rau kev cog. Tab sis rau cov pib tshiab nws tseem zoo dua los mloog cov qauv no. Hauv cov theem thaum ntxov ntawm kev cog ntoo sab hauv lossis cog vaj paj, xws li cov lus pom zoo yuav pab tau zoo.
Tsuas yog tsis txhob hnov qab tias, txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem npaj yuav txawv nyob ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tab sis cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm kev npaj yog calibration, soaking, disinfection, germination, hormone thiab hardening.
