Centaurium herbaceous tsob nroj yog tus tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg gentian. Cov txheej txheem no koom ua ke 20 ntau hom. Nyob hauv qab ntuj, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm hom no tuaj yeem ntsib hauv thaj chaw uas muaj huab cua sov thiab huab cua ntawm Eurasia, Australia, thiab North thiab South America. Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Russia, xws li cov nroj tsuag yog nrov npe hu ua spool, yarrow, centaury, spool nyom thiab plawv. Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm centaury muaj tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig, vim qhov no nws yog suav tias yog tshuaj ntsuab tsob ntoo.
Nta ntawm centaury
Centaury yog qhov xyoob ntoo ib xyoos lossis ib xyoos twg, nws cov cag tuaj yeem yog ceg lossis yooj yim. Qia-npog los yog sessile nplooj phaj yog tag nrho-ntug thiab rov qab. Ob-nqaj-corymbose inflorescence muaj paj daj, liab lossis dawb paj. Thaum pib ntawm kev tshwm sim hauv lub Rau Hli Lub Yim Hli lossis Lub Yim Hli. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog lub thawv bivalve, uas muaj ib lossis ob lub zes, thiab muaj ntau lub noob nyob hauv lawv.
Hauv lub xyoo pua 13th, nws tau paub txog cov khoom siv kho kom zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag no. Txog rau hnub tim, cov kev npaj ntawm cov nroj tsuag zoo li no yog ib feem ntawm pharmacological pawg ntawm cov neeg ua kom tsis qab los, nrog rau anthelmintic thiab laxatives nyob rau hauv cov npe lag luam "centaury tshuaj ntsuab".
Yuav ua li cas loj hlob centaury ntawm daim phiaj vaj
Feem ntau cov feem ntau, gardeners cultivate lub hom centaury dog dig. Rau nws cov kev cog qoob loo, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo xaiv qhov chaw qhib thiab muaj teeb pom kev zoo, thiab cov nyom zoo li no tuaj yeem cog hauv qab ntoo ib nrab ntxoov ntxoo. Lub centaury loj hlob zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov xuab zeb loam lossis loamy av, thaum dej hauv av yuav tsum pw ntawm qhov tsawg kawg 200-300 centimeters.
Cov khoom tseb, uas yuav tsum tau muab sau hauv cov huab cua hauv qab ntuj, ua ke nrog xuab zeb hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 5. Sowing noob yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv lub dug li, dov thiab moistened av mus rau ib tug tob ntawm 0.5 mus rau 1 centimeter. Txoj kab ntsig sib txawv tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 0.45 mus rau 0.6 meters. Rau ob peb hnub, saum npoo ntawm qhov chaw yuav tsum tau them nrog agrofibre lossis zaj duab xis, uas yuav ua rau cov yub pom sai dua li niaj zaus. Tom qab thawj cov nroj tsuag pom, lub tsev yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Tom qab lawv loj hlob me ntsis, lawv yuav tsum tau ua kom nyias nyias.
Coob tus neeg ua liaj ua teb cog qoob loo ntau dhau ntawm yub yub, thiab tom qab ntawd nws cog rau hauv av. Sowing noob rau seedlings yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv hnub kawg ntawm Lub ob hlis ntuj los yog thawj - nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj. Kev cog cov ntoo cog rau hauv av qhib yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv hnub kawg ntawm lub Tsib Hlis, thaum qhov kev ncua deb ntawm tsob ntoo yuav tsum yog 5-10 centimeters.
Kev Saib Xyuas Menyuam (Centaury Care)
Centaury xav tau kev saib xyuas zoo ib yam li ntau lwm cov qoob loo hauv vaj. Nrog lub caij nyoog tsis zoo, cov av yuav tsum tau ywg dej, lawv kuj yuav tsum xyuas kom muaj kev tawm tsam thiab xoob ntawm cov av saum npoo av ntawm kab. Thiab yog tias tsim nyog, centaury tiv thaiv cov kab thiab kab mob.
Xws li cov nyom yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev loj hlob qeeb, hauv kev sib txuas nrog cov nroj no yog nqa tawm ntau dua li niaj zaus, txwv tsis pub cov noob nyom tuaj yeem tawm ntawm cov nyom nroj. Nyob rau thawj xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob, tsuas yog cov pob me me pob txha pob txha pob yuav ua rau hauv cov ntoo. Kev sib sau ntawm cov tshuaj muaj cov khoom nyoos pib los ntawm xyoo ob ntawm kev loj hlob, thaum cov neeg ua liaj ua teb pom zoo xav kom sowing cov nyom no rau 2 xyoos ua ke, tab sis rau qhov no lawv siv ntau qhov chaw sib txawv. Hauv thawj lub xyoo, nws yuav tsum tau sau cov tshuaj nyoos los ntawm thawj lub vaj, thiab hauv ob - los ntawm cov phiaj xwm thib ob, rau xyoo tom ntej - dua los ntawm thawj zaug thiab lwm yam.
Kab mob thiab kab tsuag
Centaury muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo heev rau cov kab mob thiab cov kab tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee kis, kab tsuag los ntawm cov qoob loo loj hlob nyob ze tuaj yeem hla nws. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov nws los nag ntau dhau, ces xws li cov nroj tsuag rots.
Yog hais tias txawm li cas los xij lub qhov txhab muaj mob, lawv yuav tsum tau kho siv cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb rau pej xeem, thaum siv tshuaj lom neeg npaj tshuaj muaj cov tshuaj tsis zoo hauv lawv cov qauv tsis pom zoo, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem muaj ntau hauv cov nyom.
Sau thiab cia ntawm centaury
Centaury nyom tau kho kho kom zoo. Kev sib sau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw yog nqa tawm thaum pib ntawm lub paj, qhov no yuav tsum ua tiav ua ntej lub hauv paus nplooj rosette pib tig daj. Kev tawm mus yuav tsum tau txiav ntawm qhov siab ntawm 10 txog 15 centimeters ntawm saum npoo av. Cov nyom no khi rau hauv cov kis uas yuav tsum tau ziab los ntawm khuam nws hauv qab ru tsev ntawm nthab lossis lwm chav, uas yuav tsum tau txias, duab ntxoo thiab ua pa zoo. Kom qhuav ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj ntsuab yuav tsum tsis txhob nqa tawm ncaj qha rau hauv tshav ntuj, vim tias vim tias cov nyom no hlawv tawm, thiab ua ke nrog kev nthuav qhia nws poob qee yam ntawm nws cov khoom siv tshuaj. Txhawm rau ziab, cov pob yuav tsum ua kom me me txaus, raws li qhov loj qhuav kom ntev ntev. Cov ntaub ntawv nyoos yog cia rau hauv cov thawv ntawv thawv, hnab ntawv lossis lub hnab ntim ntaub, tom qab ntawd lawv khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw txias, tsaus thiab qhuav, qhov twg nws tuaj yeem khaws cia rau 1.5-2 xyoo.
Cov hom thiab ntau yam ntawm centaury
Centaury zoo tib yam (Centaurium erythraea)
Los yog tus centaury yog qhov me me, lossis tus centaury yog umbellate, lossis tus centuria, lossis tus centauria, lossis xya txhiab ib puas leej. Hom no yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov gardeners. Qhov siab ntawm tetrahedral erect qia tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 0.1 mus rau 0.5 m. Nyob rau hauv sab saud nws yog ceg. Nyob rau thawj xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob, ib qho rosette basal yog tsim nyob rau ntawm lub hav txwv yeem, muaj cov lanceolate nplooj zaub muaj luv petioles. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, rov qab sessile nplooj tawv phaj tuaj yeem muaj oblong-ovate lossis lanceolate cov duab, thiab tseem muaj cov leeg ntev. Lub qog inflorescences yog cov paj liab sib sib zog nqus. Lawv suav nrog cov khob rau tubular, 5 sepals, thiab ib nplawm uas yuav luag ib txhais ceg yuav luag. Kev xa paj tawm nyob rau lub Rau Hli-Cuaj Hli, thaum lub Yim Hli Lub caij ua ke ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo pib, uas yog thawv, ncav cuag ib qhov ntev ntawm 10 millimeters. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj cov xim av me me ntawm cov duab sib npaug.
Zoo nkauj centaury (Centaurium pulchellum)
Hom kab no tsawg dua rau qhov xwm txheej ntuj. Qhov siab ntawm cov ntoo txhua xyoo yog txog 15 centimeters. Hauv kev sib piv nrog rau lwm hom, kev tsim lub pob zeb pob zeb pob ntseg tsis tshwm sim hauv cov ntoo. Qia nplooj cov paib yog qhov chaw nyob sib xyaws. Paj tsib-xim yog xim paj yeeb xim, thiab lawv ncav cuag qhov ntev ntawm 0.8 centimeters, lawv qhib tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv huab cua hnub ci. Kev xa paj yog pom nyob rau thaum Lub Xya Hli - Cuaj Hli. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog lub thawv, uas ncav cuag 1.9 cm nyob rau hauv ntev, nws muaj cov noob me me ntawm tsaus xim xim. Cov tsiaj no tau teev nyob hauv Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm Latvia, nrog rau ntau thaj chaw ntawm Lavxias thiab Ukraine. Huab cua feem ntawm cov hav zoov (cov ntoo, tua thiab paj) yog siv ua cov khoom siv tshuaj ntsuab.
Cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov centaury: tsim txom thiab muaj txiaj ntsig
Cov khoom siv kho neeg mob ntawm centaury
Cov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj nyoos ntawm centaury suav nrog alkaloids, roj yam tseem ceeb, flavone glycosides, phytosterols, vitamin C, poov tshuaj, calcium, magnesium, zinc, tooj liab, chromium, selenium, manganese, hlau, resins, hnoos qeev, ascorbic acid thiab organic acids. Vim tias muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov kab no muaj cov tshuaj anticancer, antispasmodic, hepatoprotective, antiviral, tonic, antiarrhythmic thiab laxative effect. Cov tshuaj ntsuab no raug pom zoo rau cov qhov txhab tsis ua kom zoo, mob ua paug, ua kom tsis meej ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntshav, mob ntsws txhawm rau mob, nrog rau kev mob khaub ncaws, mob toxicosis ntawm thawj ib nrab ntawm cev xeeb tub, uterine los ntshav thiab rau kev rov kho ntawm lub tsev menyuam tom qab yug menyuam.
Cov zaub mov txawv
Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm centaury tshuaj ntsuab yog siv rau kev kub siab, txhawm rau txhim kho kev zom, nrog flatulence thiab lwm yam teeb meem digestive. Txhawm rau npaj nws, koj yuav tsum muab sib tov 10 grams ntawm cov nyom qhuav nrog 1 tbsp. freshly hau dej. Thaum qhov sib tov yog infused, nws yuav tsum tau lim. Cov tshuaj qaug cawv peb zaug ib hnub ua ntej noj mov rau 1 tbsp. l
Lub khob noom yuav pab kom tshem tau cov cab. Txhawm rau ua noj nws, koj yuav tsum sib txuas 1 gram ntawm wormwood nrog tib tus nqi ntawm centaury nyom thiab nrog 1 tbsp. freshly hau dej. Qhov sib tov yog rhuab hauv cov dej da dej. Qhov cub txias yog lim thiab qaug cawv thaum sawv ntxov ntawm lub plab khoob. Koj yuav tsum tau mus kho nyob li 7 hnub.
Cawv tincture ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab no yog noj rau qhov kev zom tsis zoo, mob ntshav qab zib, kub siab thiab cem quav. Txhawm rau ua noj nws, koj yuav tsum noj 1 tbsp. l cov nyom qhuav, uas yuav tsum tau muab ntsw kom ib lub xeev tsis zoo. Tom qab ntawd cov nyom tau ua ke nrog 30 milligrams ntawm dej cawv kho mob. Cov ntim yuav tsum nruj corked thiab tshem tawm rau 1.5 lub lis piam hauv qhov chaw tsaus thiab txias. Strained tincture yuav tsum quag cawv hauv 30 feeb. ua ntej noj mov, 20-30 tee, uas koom nrog dej.
Cov Yuav Tsum Muaj
Xws li cov kua tshuaj ntsuab yog contraindicated rau cov neeg uas muaj tus kheej tsis kam. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv tsis tau los ntawm tib neeg kev txom nyem los ntawm kev mob caj dab nrog ntau cov acidity, raws plab, mob plab duodenal thiab mob plab. Yog tias cov tshuaj no noj mus ntev ntev lossis siv nrog ib qho kev tshaj qhia dhau, kev lom thiab zom zaub mov tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Centaury tsis pom zoo rau cov neeg uas muaj lub siab xav rog, vim tias cov nroj tsuag no txhawb kev qab los noj mov.
